Improving Project Delivery Through Effective Scheduling: An Assessment of Activity Sequencing, Resource Allocation, Critical Path Control, and Schedule Performance

Abstract

Sound project scheduling decisions are crucial in achieving projects delivered within the stipulated schedule successfully. However, decision deficiencies have been identified as responsible for schedule overruns, poor production utilization, and ultimately, poor project performance. This research evaluated the impact of activity sequencing, resource level-out, schedule control of the critical path, and schedule performance on projects delivered within the stipulated schedule. A systematic scoping review of publication was used for the study. The reviewed literature was thematically integrated from the a priori selected papers on project scheduling, resource constraints, critical path control, uncertainty, construction workflow, digital scheduling, and project control. The findings show that inappropriate activity sequence may lead to construction workflow disruptions and cascaded schedule delays. Also, a poor resource level-out scheme makes it difficult to implement the planning schedule as planned. It was also established that effective critical path control through direct schedule updates requires that change feeds from duration and resource level-out schemes be constantly monitored for effective schedule control since the activities on the critical path can change during project execution. In addition, the research revealed that unpredictable site condition does impact schedule reliability and therefore dynamic, robust, flexible, and adaptable schedule control/management practices are required. BIM, 4D scheduling, and other digital tools can also up project coordination/control if they are properly incorporated into project management. The study concludes that project scheduling should be treated as a static timetable. Improved coordination of activity sequencing, resource allocation, critical path control, uncertainty management, and schedule monitoring can enhance schedule performance and contribute to better project delivery.